The latest dev preview is a 'release candidate build', meaning that it's as close as developers are going to get to the finished product before the final rollout begins. This will allow developers to test their updated apps to check compatibility with Android O.
The preview will be pushed out as an over-the-air update to any eligible devices which are enrolled in the preview programme, including the Google Pixel and Pixel XL, the Nexus 5X and 6P and more. The update can also be downloaded and manually flashed onto devices.
The final preview doesn't introduce any new features; instead, it focuses on improvements to stability, general bug fixes and other under-the-hood tweaks. The main goal is to ensure that when Android O arrives on users' smartphones, there are plenty of apps that can take advantage of all the shiny new features.
The stable version of the Android 26.0.0 Support Library is included with this release, as are the final APIs, which have been included since the third preview. A new version of the Android Testing Support Library is also soon to be released, which features new tools like Multiprocess Espresso, Android Test Orchestrator and others.
The newest version of Android is set to arrive with users this summer, most likely in August. The update will arrive with owners of Google's flagship Pixel phones, followed by older Nexus devices like the 5X and 6P.
Following the release of Android O, the timeframe for non-Google devices to get the latest updates should also be substantially reduced, thanks to the company's Project Treble initiative, which aims to cut out many of the steps needed for pushing out an update to users.
23/06/2017: Google hasn't officially revealed the codename for Android O, which is normally named after a tasty treat, but reports suggest it may be "Oatmeal Cookie".
One report spotted references to the dessert-themed name in Android 8.0 source code, noting frequent references to "oc-dev".
Of course, "oc" could stand for another dessert, but the find follows other sharp-eyed Google fans noticing references to "oatmeal_cookie" in slides shown off at Google IO earlier this month.
Google staffers could be leaking the name to throw us off the scent, but the codename doesn't actually matter, with the OS officially known by its release number.
That doesn't stop the speculation around the term that usually comes alongside such an update, with many suggesting it could be called Android Oreo. Previous codenames have been Kitkat, Lollipop and Nougat, going further back to Eclair and Froyo (Frozen Yogurt), with Google setting up an Android character at its headquarters themed around the dessert of choice.
08/06/2017: Android O could start rolling out in August
Android O could start rolling out to some users as early as August, according to some sources.
New rumours have surfaced that the latest update to Google's mobile OS may begin arriving on the company's Pixel smartphones in the first two weeks of August, Android Police editor David Ruddock tweeted.
The news comes from a "reliable source", he said, but warned that release dates are always changeable.
As first-party devices, the Google Pixel and Pixel XL will be the first phones to be updated to the new OS. Nexus phones like the 5X and 6P will follow shortly after, with other devices being updated as and when the manufacturers and networks issue the over-the-air update.
Up until now, updates to Android have had to go from Google to device manufacturers, who pass it on to network carriers, with each having to modify and tweak it in various ways. This is largely why software updates take different lengths of time to reach different devices.
Google's Project Treble should help curb this disparity, however, removing many of the necessary steps in issuing Android updates and generally making the process much simpler for OEMs. This should translate to a much shorter gap between updates for those with non-Pixel devices.
Android O release date, developer preview and device availability
Android O will be rolling out to the general public later this summer, but the second developer preview is out now. It's also the first public beta of the OS, so if you've got a recent Nexus or Pixel device and want to try it out, now's your chance – just head to android.com/beta to sign up.
As with all Android updates, we're expecting this one to come to the company's first-party Pixel and Nexus devices first, followed by devices from other manufacturers. However, the company's new 'Project Treble' initiative (see below) should mean that fans without a Google-made device won't have to wait as long to get it as with previous versions.
Project Treble
Google has announced that one of the upcoming OS' key features will be a significant change to the software's underlying architecture, dubbed Project Treble. This will make it substantially easier for OEMs and device manufacturers to push the latest patches out to their products.
"One thing we've consistently heard from our device-maker partners is that updating existing devices to a new version of Android is incredibly time consuming and costly," the Android Developers Blog said. "With Project Treble, we're re-architecting Android to make it easier, faster and less costly for manufacturers to update devices to a new version of Android."
Project Treble will cut out some of the steps involved in the release process of Android patches, which have to be created by Google, modified by manufacturing partners and then further customised by actual device-makers before ending up on users' phones.
The change will ensure customers get the latest Android features faster, as well as being able to more quickly plug security holes. The slow speed of updates currently means that many devices can be left vulnerable for months (if not longer) while they wait for a fix to be rolled out.
Project Treble is currently included in the Android O developer preview and will be rolling out as part of the OS' general release.
Android O name
The official name for the next release of the OS is Android 8 but it's known as Android O.
Google follows a longstanding tradition of naming each successive version of the OS after some form of "sweet treat" which follow an alphabetical order. Past updates include names such as Jellybean, KitKat, Marshmallow and Nougat.
There is no definite answer to what the "O" stands for in the name of the update but there have been guesses made such as Orange, Oatmeal and Oreo. Or maybe it's the shape of a tasty treat and is in fact a doughnut?
Android O top features
Google has finally given fans their first official look at Android O, showing off the forthcoming update at the Google I/O developer's conference at their Mountain View headquarters.
However, anyone expecting a substantial overhaul of the OS is going to be disappointed. Most of the show was given over to the company's advanced in machine learning and AI technology, with comparatively little time devoted to Android itself.
What scant updates the company did announce were spread across two separate areas: 'vitals', which cover Android's internal processes and functions, and 'fluid experiences', which relates to visible features like the UI and settings.
Picture-in-Picture video
In the latter category, Google has finally introduced picture-in-picture video to Android. If you're making a video call in Duo or watching a video in YouTube, pressing the home button will bring you back to the home screen, with a minimised window in the right hand corner displaying the video. In practise, it works very similarly to the way picture-in-picture videos are displayed within YouTube's mobile app, although this is system-wide and compatible with multiple different apps.
Notifications
The notification system has also been slightly tweaked, with new iOS-style 'notification dots'. If you have unread notifications within an app, a dot will be displayed in the corner of its home screen icon, which you can long-press on to see a pop-up widget giving you more details on the content. This feature should require no extra effort for devs to enable – Android will even change the dot's colour automatically depending on your icon's design, ensuring it doesn't spoil your colour scheme.
Android O is introducing notification channels, too. These are new app-defined categories for notification content. Channels allow users to have extra control over different types of notifications so they can block or change the behaviour of each channel individually instead of managing all of the app's notifications together.
There are also new visuals and grouping of notifications that make it easier for users to see what's going on when viewing their notifications.
Autofill and Smart Text Selection
A couple of less impressive (but arguably more useful) features were debuted, too – autofill and smart text selection. The former extends Chrome's built-in autocomplete function to Android, meaning that when you set up a new phone, Android will automatically fill in your account details for apps. It's currently unknown if this feature will allow you to use different credential storage services like Lastpass or Dashlane, however.
Android's new smart text selection is another useful feature. It uses machine learning to identify multi-part phrases that are commonly highlighted together, like phone numbers, addresses and business names, meaning users just have to double-tap on one word to highlight the whole thing. It even brings up a shortcut for the app it thinks would be most relevant, like Maps or the phone dialler.
Google should roll out the consumer-ready OS in August
Performance and battery life upgrades
Moving on to 'vitals', the updates that govern Android's internal systems, there are modifications to performance and battery life, including changes to the runtime that result in app performance and boot times that are up to twice as past as previous versions.
In addition, new limits have been placed on the way apps operate in the background, making sure that they don't use too much of the device's memory or battery power when not in active use.
Security
Security has also been shored up. The Google Play Store has historically been known to host malware, scams and other bogus applications, but the new Google Play Protect service is set to put a stop to that, scanning apps that you want to download for malware and other threats, as well as those already on your device. The service also incorporates Android's other security features such as remote locking and wiping of devices.
Google Play Console dashboards
It's not just the device software that's been updated; Android's developer tools have been tuned up too. The Play Console now has six new dashboards to help devs track common issues, including frozen frames, excessive crash rate, slow rendering, ANR rate, stuck wake locks and excessive wakeups. The dashboards include breakdowns of how many users are affected, as well as tips for resolving the problems.
Android Studio 3.0
Google unveiled the third version of Android Studio, the company's IDE for mobile development. Amidst a laundry list of changes and updates, the biggest news is the addition of in-depth profiling tools for real-time visualisation and troubleshooting, new Java 8 Language support and support for the Kotlin programming language, which is fully interoperable with existing Android code, and can be deployed immediately.
Google should roll out the consumer-ready OS in August
Performance and battery life upgrades
Moving on to 'vitals', the updates that govern Android's internal systems, there are modifications to performance and battery life, including changes to the runtime that result in app performance and boot times that are up to twice as past as previous versions.
In addition, new limits have been placed on the way apps operate in the background, making sure that they don't use too much of the device's memory or battery power when not in active use.
Security
Security has also been shored up. The Google Play Store has historically been known to host malware, scams and other bogus applications, but the new Google Play Protect service is set to put a stop to that, scanning apps that you want to download for malware and other threats, as well as those already on your device. The service also incorporates Android's other security features such as remote locking and wiping of devices.
Google Play Console dashboards
It's not just the device software that's been updated; Android's developer tools have been tuned up too. The Play Console now has six new dashboards to help devs track common issues, including frozen frames, excessive crash rate, slow rendering, ANR rate, stuck wake locks and excessive wakeups. The dashboards include breakdowns of how many users are affected, as well as tips for resolving the problems.
Android Studio 3.0
Google unveiled the third version of Android Studio, the company's IDE for mobile development. Amidst a laundry list of changes and updates, the biggest news is the addition of in-depth profiling tools for real-time visualisation and troubleshooting, new Java 8 Language support and support for the Kotlin programming language, which is fully interoperable with existing Android code, and can be deployed immediately.
Font resources in XML
Fonts are now fully supported in Android O. Apps are able to use fonts in XML layouts and define font families in XML too - defining the font style, weight and font files.
Adaptive icons
Developers can now create adaptive icons which the system displays in different shapes, based on a mask selected by the device. The system can also animate interactions with the icons, and uses them in the launcher, settings, sharing dialogs, and in the overview screen.
Wide-gamut colour for apps
Developers of imaging apps can now take advantage of devices that have a wide-gamut colour capable display.
Connectivity
Android O supports high-quality Bluetooth audio codecs such as LDAC codec. There will be new Wi-Fi features such as Wi-Fi Aware, previously known as Neighbour Awareness Networking (NAN), which allows devices to connect directly to each other via Wi-Fi Aware without any other type of connectivity between them, such as Wi-Fi Access Point or Cellular.
Keyboard navigation
Google has seen a resurgence of keyboard navigation within the apps so are building a more reliable and predictable model for "arrow" and "tab" navigation for developers and users.
AAudio API for Pro Audio
AAudio is a new native API for apps that require high-performance, low-latency audio. Developer preview has an early version of this as Google are looking for feedback.
Webview enhancements
In Android there will be a multi-process mode and an API to let apps handle errors and crashes, to enhance security and improve app stability. Apps can also opt in to verify URLs through
Android O in the enterprise
Some businesses have avoided Android in the past, citing security and mobile device management (MDM) concerns, but it is a popular OS for companies who have previously relied on BlackBerry devices or Windows Phone.
Android is consistently targeted by cybercriminals and malware due to the fact that users can download apps from other stores other than Google Play, though you must purposefully disable some settings to download potentially unsecure apps.
No certified store is safe however, as companies regularly have to review the apps submitted to make sure they are still secure. The MDM concern takes priority as even if running the same OS on all devices makes the company more flexible, they will still have a probable weakness. Despite this, each app does have a distinct set of permissions which need to be approved before installation which does help users see danger before its too late.
Android offers plenty of apps to choose from, a customisable experience, and is also based on Linux which has a notable presence in the business world already.
As mentioned before, Android updates take a while to reach all devices so it might take some time before Android O makes its way to the business space.
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